The Form of the Book

Jan Tschichold [pronounced 'Chick-old'] is probably best known in the UK for his work in designing Penguin paperbacks in the late 1940s. He was a German refugee who had made his mark as a radical modernist in 1928 with the publication of Die Neue Typografie. This collection of short and elegantly written essays are however largely arguments in favour of traditional, hard-earned craftsmanship, artistic self-effacement, and typographical restraint. As Robert Bringhurst puts it with characteristic elegance in his introduction: 'Like Stravinsky, after making his reputation as a rebel, [Tschichold] entered on a long and productive neo-classical phase.'

Written between 1937 and 1975, these essays discuss every element of the traditional printed book. Tschichold ranges from its shape and size, its cover and title page, via its typeface, margins, paragraphs and section headings, through to footnotes, its index, colophon, and even the blank pages before its final covers. This is the work of a master craftsman sharing a lifetime's experience, and it's a delight to read.



The German tradition out of which these observations spring is betrayed by his habit of formulating arguments in the imperative mode as a series of abstract absolutes: "Comfortable legibility is the absolute benchmark for all typography ... Good typography can never be humorous". He also sometimes poses his arguments as quite witty aphorisms: "a truly beautiful book cannot be a novelty. It must settle for mere perfection instead".

It's interesting that Tschichold, the author of the modernist New Typography, should take such a traditionalist line, with his concern for harmony, proportion, tact,balance, and good taste. This collection includes an essay on 'The Importance of Tradition' which is effectively a refutation of his own ideas written in 1928. He also has essay titles which are almost amusingly didactic: 'Why the Beginnings of Paragraphs Must Be Indented', and he has firm views on book design, page proportions, title pages, house rules, indentation, footnotes, punctuation marks, and even the colour of paper.

On the subject of the book page and its type area, there are some pages of quite mathematical minutiae, but this supports the overall impression one gains that the secret of typographical success - as with so much else - lies in the details. He loves the finer points of design and book production, and there are eloquent passages on the spacing of ellipses, the thickness of an em-dash, the positioning of illustrations, and - two of his pet hates - white paper and the design of book jackets.

For those with a serious interest in typography, this is a 'must have'. It belongs alongside works such as Robert Bringhurst's Elements of Typographic Style as a modern classic. Even if it's out of print - order it, or keep looking. It's worth the effort.