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Nabokov tutorials
Orache
'Orache' (1932) the story with which 'A Bad Day' is twinned, seems more successful partly because the characterisation of Peter is less sentimental, because there is less straining for the evocation of atmosphere, and because the story is more concentrated in its purpose.
Peter learns at school that his father is to be involved in a duel, and he finds it difficult to control his emotions until classes finish. Since his mother and sister are on holiday he is isolated with this anxiety when he goes home, and everything seems to remind him of the danger in which his father is placed. At dinner his father shares jokes with a friend whilst Peter wonders why nobody is talking about the duel. Next day at school however, he learns that the duel has in fact already taken place: the opponent fired first and missed, and his father fired his own shot into the air. Peter breaks down in tears with relief.
The story is more tightly structured than 'A Bad Day', held together by the tension between Peter's emotional upset and a recurrent image of duelling. Peter sees his father at fencing practice each morning; he himself 'duels' in a fight at school; he sees a picture of two men duelling in a magazine; reference is made to the duel in Eugene Onegin - 'Onegin shed his cloak, Lenski plopped down on the boards like a black sack' (DS, p.53); and the newspaper he sees at school gives an account of his father's duel.
The story is also more convincingly related from the child's point of view:
'His father was busy in a place known as the parliament ... there was also something called the Kadet Party, which had nothing to do with parties or cadets' (p.46)
and there is a more developed blending of third person narrative and interior monologue: 'never before had he known such tears, do not tell anyone, please, I am simply not well ... and again a tumult of sobs' (p.55).
We know from both Nabokov and Field that the events of 'Orache', like 'A Bad Day', are largely autobiographical. Unlike its twin however, there are fewer traces of that provenance evident. Certainly the absence of lengthy descriptions or scene-setting for its own sake helps to focus the purpose of the story.
The overt purpose is to present yet another variation on the 'Russian subject' of duelling. In this case it is the duel which has already taken place, and the duel which has more effect on a spectator than on the participants. And in terms of the central issue, the father's honourable action of course illustrates the exact opposite of poshlost.
© Roy Johnson 2001
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Collected Stories is a collection of sixty-five stories drawn from Nabokov's entire working life. They range from the early meditations on love, loss, and memory, through to his later technical experiments, with unreliable story-tellers and games of literary hide-and-seek. All of them are characterised by a stunning command of language, rich imagery, and a powerful lyrical inventiveness. Edited by his son, Dmitri Nabokov, who keeps the family torch aflame.
Studying Fiction is an introduction to the basic concepts and the technical terms you will need when making a study of prose fiction. It shows you how to apply the elements of literary analysis by explaining them one at a time, and then showing them at work in a series of short stories which are reproduced as part of the book. Contains stories by Arthur Conan Doyle, Katherine Mansfield, Thomas Hardy, Joseph Conrad, D.H. Lawrence, and Charles Dickens.
In this captivating interpretation of Nabokov's career through
the prism of his shorter fiction, Maxim Shrayer explores how Nabokov eclipsed the
achievements of the great Russian masters of the short story. Even as he became - in exile from Russia and his native tradition - an American writer, Nabokov maintained a dialogic relationship with Anton Chekhov, Ivan Bunin, and other masters of the short story form. This is VN the radical traditionalist.
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